使用php如何发送邮件？

使用Mailer类

首先通过composer安装composer require txthinking/mailer,也可以通过github下载源码安装。

业务代码参照如下：

class Email
{

    /**
     * 单例对象
     */
    protected static $instance;

    /**
     * phpmailer对象
     */
    protected $mail = [];

    /**
     * 错误内容
     */
    protected $error = '';

    /**
     * 默认配置
     */
    public $options = [
        'charset'   => 'utf-8', //编码格式
        'debug'     => false, //调式模式
        'mail_type' => 0, //状态
    ];

    /**
     * 初始化
     * @access public
     * @param array $options 参数
     * @return Email
     */
    public static function instance($options = [])
    {
        if (is_null(self::$instance)) {
            self::$instance = new static($options);
        }

        return self::$instance;
    }

    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param array $options
     */
    public function __construct($options = [])
    {
        $config = [
            'mail_smtp_host' => 'smtp.qq.com',
            'mail_smtp_port' => '465',
            'mail_smtp_user' => '发件人邮箱用户名',
            'mail_smtp_pass' => '邮箱密码',
            'mail_verify_type' => '2',
            'mail_from' => '发件人邮箱',
        ];
        $this->options = array_merge($this->options, $config);
        $this->options = array_merge($this->options, $options);
        $secureArr = [0 => '', 1 => 'tls', 2 => 'ssl'];
        $secure = isset($secureArr[$this->options['mail_verify_type']]) ? $secureArr[$this->options['mail_verify_type']] : '';

        $logger = isset($this->options['debug']) && $this->options['debug'] ? new Log : null;
        $this->mail = new Mailer($logger);
        $this->mail->setServer($this->options['mail_smtp_host'], $this->options['mail_smtp_port'], $secure);
        $this->mail->setAuth($this->options['mail_from'], $this->options['mail_smtp_pass']);

        //设置发件人
        $this->from($this->options['mail_from'], $this->options['mail_smtp_user']);
    }

    /**
     * 设置邮件主题
     * @param string $subject 邮件主题
     * @return $this
     */
    public function subject($subject)
    {
        $this->mail->setSubject($subject);
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * 设置发件人
     * @param string $email 发件人邮箱
     * @param string $name  发件人名称
     * @return $this
     */
    public function from($email, $name = '')
    {
        $this->mail->setFrom($name, $email);
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * 设置收件人
     * @param mixed  $email 收件人,多个收件人以,进行分隔
     * @return $this
     */
    public function to($email)
    {
        $emailArr = $this->buildAddress($email);
        foreach ($emailArr as $address => $name) {
            $this->mail->addTo($name, $address);
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * 设置抄送
     * @param mixed  $email 收件人,多个收件人以,进行分隔
     * @param string $name  收件人名称
     * @return Email
     */
    public function cc($email, $name = '')
    {
        $emailArr = $this->buildAddress($email);
        if (count($emailArr) == 1 && $name) {
            $emailArr[key($emailArr)] = $name;
        }
        foreach ($emailArr as $address => $name) {
            $this->mail->addCC($address, $name);
        }
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * 设置密送
     * @param mixed  $email 收件人,多个收件人以,进行分隔
     * @param string $name  收件人名称
     * @return Email
     */
    public function bcc($email, $name = '')
    {
        $emailArr = $this->buildAddress($email);
        if (count($emailArr) == 1 && $name) {
            $emailArr[key($emailArr)] = $name;
        }
        foreach ($emailArr as $address => $name) {
            $this->mail->addBCC($name, $address);
        }
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * 设置邮件正文
     * @param string  $body   邮件下方
     * @param boolean $ishtml 是否HTML格式
     * @return $this
     */
    public function message($body, $ishtml = true)
    {
        $this->mail->setBody($body);
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * 添加附件
     * @param string $path 附件路径
     * @param string $name 附件名称
     * @return Email
     */
    public function attachment($path, $name = '')
    {
        $this->mail->addAttachment($name, $path);
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * 构建Email地址
     * @param mixed $emails Email数据
     * @return array
     */
    protected function buildAddress($emails)
    {
        if (!is_array($emails)) {
            $emails = array_flip(explode(',', str_replace(";", ",", $emails)));
            foreach ($emails as $key => $value) {
                $emails[$key] = strstr($key, '@', true);
            }
        }
        return $emails;
    }

    /**
     * 获取最后产生的错误
     * @return string
     */
    public function getError()
    {
        return $this->error;
    }

    /**
     * 设置错误
     * @param string $error 信息信息
     */
    protected function setError($error)
    {
        $this->error = $error;
    }

    /**
     * 发送邮件
     * @return boolean
     */
    public function send()
    {
        $result = false;
        if (in_array($this->options['mail_type'], [1, 2])) {
            try {
                $result = $this->mail->send();
            } catch (SendException $e) {
                $this->setError($e->getCode() . $e->getMessage());
            } catch (CodeException $e) {
                preg_match_all("/Expected: (\d+)\, Got: (\d+)( \| (.*))?\$/i", $e->getMessage(), $matches);
                $code = isset($matches[2][3]) ? $matches[2][3] : 0;
                $message = isset($matches[2][0]) ? $matches[4][0] : $e->getMessage();
                $message = mb_convert_encoding($message, 'UTF-8', 'GBK,GB2312,BIG5');
                $this->setError($message);
            } catch (\Exception $e) {
                $this->setError($e->getMessage());
            }

            $this->setError($result ? '' : $this->getError());
        } else {
            //邮件功能已关闭
            $this->setError(__('Mail already closed'));
        }
        return $result;
    }

}

//使用
$object = new Email();
$result = $object->to('收件人邮箱')
    ->subject('邮件主题')
    ->message('邮件内容')
    ->send();

使用类PHPMailer

使用composer安装phpmailer

composer require phpmailer/phpmailer

具体业务代码，参照如下：

<?php
use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\PHPMailer;
use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\Exception;

require './src/Exception.php';
require './src/PHPMailer.php';
require './src/SMTP.php';

$mail = new PHPMailer(true);
try {
    //服务器配置
    $mail->CharSet ="UTF-8";                     //设定邮件编码
    $mail->SMTPDebug = 0;                        // 调试模式输出
    $mail->isSMTP();                             // 使用SMTP
    $mail->Host = 'smtp.163.com';                // SMTP服务器
    $mail->SMTPAuth = true;                      // 允许 SMTP 认证
    $mail->Username = '邮箱用户名';                // SMTP 用户名  即邮箱的用户名
    $mail->Password = '密码或者授权码';             // SMTP 密码  部分邮箱是授权码(例如163邮箱)
    $mail->SMTPSecure = 'ssl';                    // 允许 TLS 或者ssl协议
    $mail->Port = 465;                            // 服务器端口 25 或者465 具体要看邮箱服务器支持

    $mail->setFrom('xxxx@163.com', 'Mailer');  //发件人
    $mail->addAddress('aaaa@126.com', 'Joe');  // 收件人
    //$mail->addAddress('ellen@example.com');  // 可添加多个收件人
    $mail->addReplyTo('xxxx@163.com', 'info'); //回复的时候回复给哪个邮箱 建议和发件人一致
    //$mail->addCC('cc@example.com');                    //抄送
    //$mail->addBCC('bcc@example.com');                    //密送

    //发送附件
    // $mail->addAttachment('../xy.zip');         // 添加附件
    // $mail->addAttachment('../thumb-1.jpg', 'new.jpg');    // 发送附件并且重命名

    //Content
    $mail->isHTML(true);                                  // 是否以HTML文档格式发送  发送后客户端可直接显示对应HTML内容
    $mail->Subject = '这里是邮件标题' . time();
    $mail->Body    = '<h1>这里是邮件内容</h1>' . date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
    $mail->AltBody = '如果邮件客户端不支持HTML则显示此内容';

    $mail->send();
    echo '邮件发送成功';
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo '邮件发送失败: ', $mail->ErrorInfo;
}